Determination of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) levels from various smoking cessation aids by using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry methodology

Abstract

An analytical method was validated and developed to determine the levels of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) including 1,3-butadiene, isoprene, acrylonitrile, benzene, toluene, and styrene from smoking cessation aids using by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Seventeen non-ignitable cigarette type of smoking cessation aids, liquid-phase of smoking cessation aids, gas-phase of smoking cessation aids, and ignitable cigarette type of smoking cessation aids were analyzed for levels of six VOCs. The proposed method for six VOCs was validated in satisfactory linearity (R-2 > 0.99), recovery (80.38-119.14%). limit of detection (LOD) (0.05-0.19 mu g/ml), limit of quantification (LOQ) (0.07-0.18 mu g/ml), accuracy (80.47-117.28%), and precision (0.15-7.22%). The mean concentrations of six VOCs were generated in 1,3-butadiene (6.18 mu g/cigarette), isoprene (0.34 mu g/cigarette), acrylonitrile (0.003 mu g/cigarette), benzene (ND = not detected, the lower limit of detection), toluene (0.27 mu g/cigarette), styrene (0.13 mu g/cigarette). Results showed low levels of VOCs from smoking cessation aid except from liquid-phase of smoking cessation aids. These results are necessary to investigate unintentional hazardous substances generated from smoking cessation aids, and develop accurate analytical method in order to obtain scientific basis for safety management.