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Indoor positioning in 5G new radio: how it works, status quo of research, and the road aheadopen access
- Authors
- Li, Jiaqi; Hwang, Seung-Hoon
- Issue Date
- Feb-2026
- Publisher
- 한국통신학회
- Keywords
- 5G positioning; Angle of arrival; Angle of departure; Cell identification; Indoor positioning; Localization; Time difference of arrival
- Citation
- ICT Express, v.12, no.1, pp 223 - 248
- Pages
- 26
- Indexed
- SCIE
SCOPUS
KCI
- Journal Title
- ICT Express
- Volume
- 12
- Number
- 1
- Start Page
- 223
- End Page
- 248
- ISSN
- 2405-9595
2405-9595
- Abstract
- In this paper, the architecture and mechanism of 5G New Radio indoor positioning schemes such as downlink time difference of arrival (DL-TDOA), uplink (UL) TDOA, multiple-cell round trip time (Multi-RTT), DL angle of departure, UL angle of arrival (AOA), and enhanced cell-ID, are comprehensively described. In addition, their performances are investigated under different channel bandwidths and conditions, and antenna configurations. Numerical results show the time-based schemes provide more benefit by wider bandwidth, while the angle-based schemes give gains by more antenna elements. Note that the Multi-RTT achieves the best accuracy with line-of-sight (LOS) conditions, while the UL-AOA does with non-LOS. © 2025 The Author(s).
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Related Researcher
- Hwang, Seung Hoon
- College of Engineering (Department of Electronics and Electrical Engineering)