직업적 노출 감시체계에 적용 가능한 노출조건범주 코드 개발

Abstract

Objectives: The objective of this study was to develop a standardized exposure condition category (ECOC) coding system to facilitate the use of work environment measurement data in occupational exposure surveillance. Methods: We reviewed the conceptual exposure assessment model and the Exposure Control Efficacy Library to identify key modifying factors (MFs) affecting workplace exposure levels, and used them to develop standardized ECOC codes. A pilot application was conducted with ten industrial hygienists who retrospectively evaluated 11,781 measurement records drawing upon their knowledge of site-specific exposure conditions. Results: Based on three selected factors—source enclosure, local exhaust ventilation operation, and near-field work frequency—we defined twelve combinations that were later simplified into eight ECOC codes. Each ECOC was assigned a dimensionless MF score reflecting the relative exposure potential. Experts successfully classified nearly all records using the ECOC system, with high response rates across all categories. Among 2,918 detected chemical exposure records, the exposure index showed statistically significant differences across ECOC groups (ANOVA, P<0.001). ECOC8—representing the least controlled exposure conditions—was associated with the highest exposure index, while ECOC1—indicating highly controlled environments—had the lowest. Conclusions: The ECOC coding system effectively reflects workplace exposure variability based on key MFs. It provides a practical framework to supplement existing exposure databases with contextual information and can support more accurate exposure assessments, job-exposure matrix construction, and occupational disease prevention policies. Further validation across broader industry sectors is warranted.