온라인 학습자의 공간적 유형 변화와 학습성과 관련성 탐색을 위한 실증연구

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to examine the spatial and temporal patterns of online learners, focusing on their learning behaviors and learning outcomes. By analyzing data from 1,265 learners, the study investigates the spatial distribution of learning activities and identifies temporal variations in participation and performance. Spatial analysis techniques, including Kernel Density Estimation, Hot Spot Analysis, and Standard Deviational Ellipse, were applied to data derived from 5,928 IP addresses. The findings revealed that learning was concentrated in metropolitan areas like Seoul during weekdays, while participation became more dispersed on weekends. Additionally, daytime participation showed the highest learning outcomes, with structured environments near schools contributing significantly to academic performance. These results emphasize the importance of adaptive strategies in online learning design that address temporal learning needs and regional disparities. The study highlights the potential of online education to overcome spatial barriers, promote equitable access, and support autonomous learning across diverse environments.