Cryopreservation Engineering Strategies for Mass Production of Adipose-Derived Stem Cells

Abstract

Cryopreservation is required for the manufacturing and large-scale production of adipose-derived stem cell (ADSC)-mediated therapeutics. For both autologous ADSC products for patient-specific therapeutics and allogenic components for mass productions, the process of cryopreservation is inevitable. Additionally, other biologics/biosimilar production processes using human/animal cell populations also often require cryopreservation. In order to keep activity, functionality, and stemness of progenitor ADSC products, a precise control in cryopreservation is necessary. In terms of Good Manufacturing Practice for ADSC produces, related quality control issues usually include maintenance of purity of cellular products, variation in production batches, trophic modulation by incorporated cytokines/growth factors, and consistency of bifunctionality and stem-niche of ADSCs. Therefore, a series of studies have recently investigated the effect of cryopreservation conditions on downstream cellular activities. Efficient control in a variety of parameters for cryopreservation could provide reproducible mass-manufacturing compliant protocols and minimize the phenotypic/functional changes of ADSCs. This review summarizes the recent development in engineered cryopreservation techniques in the manufacturing of ADSC-based cell products.