阮元의 古學觀과 實學的 通學

Abstract

This paper puts the stress on considering Ruan Yuan(阮元)’s study as the practical unity of knowledge via analyzing his paleography from the Qing dynasty in the early 19th century. Ruan Yuan delved deeply into Guxie(古學) influenced by surroundings and Yangzhou scholars such as Wang Niansun(王念孫), Wang Zhong(汪中), Ling Tingkan(淩廷堪) and so on. This approach was Seeking Truth from Facts(實事求是) using xiaoxue(小學) to study the old scriptures and reveal Dayiweiyan(大義微言). Ruan Yuan(阮元)'s Guxie(古學) was Practical Learning(實學) that emphasized the fact(實事) and the practice(實踐) in daily life. He made it a way of ruling a country to stress the filial behavior(孝行) and the proprieties(禮). Practical Learning's perspective was reflected on “Tiansuanguxi”(天算學). In addition, he reinterpreted Consistency(一 貫), “Learning”(學習), “the study of things and nature(格物)”, and “shendu(愼獨)” by using the Fact and the Practice(實事․實踐) and asserted the morality(仁論) considering practice and society very important and the “Jiexing(節性)” based on the desire determinism(慾望肯定論). At the same time, Not only did He eliminate the factor of Buddhism and Taoism in Boksungseo(by Lee-Go, 李翶). This was the attempt to deny the Song Learning’s(宋學的) justice(義理) and emphasize Confucianism’s own Dayiweiyan. Ruan Yuan(阮元)'s Guxie(古學) was Practical Unity of Knowledge(實學的 通學) which interpreted Justice Learning(義理學) with Practical Learning(實學) and a new reasonable argument which was beyond the Han Song Learning(漢宋學). He united the administration theory based on Practical Unity of Knowledge(實學的 通學). His Practical Unity of Knowledge had a great effect on the last of Qing' academia.