테러와의 전쟁과 관련된 신(新) 법률문제에 대한 연구 - 미국 법원의 판례를 중심으로 -

Abstract

The disaster of September 11th 2001 has greatly sh처n the direness of terrorism, and less than 12 hours after the 9/11 attacks, former President George W. Bush proclaimed the start of the global war on terror. However, the critics argue that his approach to the war on terror has breed even more terrorists than it has eliminated and has also raised those questions like; will this kind of war ever end?, How long will it take?, Will we recognize it when victory came and what is its legal effect?Criticism of the war on terror addresses the morals, ethics, efficiency, economics and legal issues surrounding the war. The Human Rights Watch has criticized the Guantanamo Bay detention camp, saying: “Washington has ignored human rights standards in its own treatment of terrorism suspects.” The Amnesty International also has criticized the Bush’s policy, calling the facility the “gulag of our times.” Barack Obama even described Guantanamo as a “sad chapter in American history” and during his 2008 presidential campaign, he promised to close down the prison in 2009, however his promise does not come true. On the contrary, in a February 2012 poll, 70% of Americans replied that they approved the continued operation of Guantanamo. Especially concerning the legal status of the detainees at the Guantanamo camp, at first, the Bush administration asserted that detainees are not prison of war and are therefore not entitled to any of the protections of the Geneva Conventions. However, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled in ‘Hamdan v. Rumsfeld’ on June 29th 2006, that they are war prisoners. This ruling show delicacy and difficulty of new legal issues on the academic society, policy maker as well as legislative. From all these points of view, this article examines arising various legal issues derived from the war on terror including the legality of enhanced interrogation techniques, preemptive doctrines, irregular rendition and the discussion of legal status of the detainees at the Guantanamo Bay detention camp.