Porous hollow NiO/Pt tubular architectures for highly sensitive non-enzymatic glucose detection via enhanced Ni2+/Ni3+ redox catalysis

초록

Non-enzymatic glucose sensors based on transition-metal oxides have attracted significant attention due to their low cost and excellent stability. However, their practical performance is often limited by the intrinsically low electrical conductivity of metal oxides, which leads to weak electrochemical responses and poor signal-to-noise ratios. In this work, a NiO-based electrode and a Pt-modified NiO heterostructure featuring porous hollow tubular architectures were synthesized via a hydrothermal strategy. The introduction of Pt significantly improves interfacial electron transfer and enhances the Ni2+/Ni3+ redox catalytic cycle responsible for glucose oxidation in alkaline media. As a result, the NiO/Pt electrode exhibits dramatically enhanced electrochemical performance compared with pristine NiO nanorods. The sensitivity increases from 24.65 µA mM−1 cm−2 for NiO to 904.5 µA mM−1 cm−2 for NiO/Pt. Moreover, the sensors demonstrate exceptionally wide linear detection ranges of 0.005–80 mM for NiO and 0.005–35 mM for NiO/Pt, covering both physiological and pathological glucose concentrations. The electrodes also show excellent selectivity against common interfering species and maintain stable performance during long-term operation. The practical applicability of the proposed sensor was further validated through glucose detection in saliva-contaminated samples, with results consistent with those obtained by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). These results demonstrate that Pt-engineered NiO nanoarchitectures provide an effective strategy for developing high-performance non-enzymatic glucose sensors. © 2026 Published by Elsevier B.V.

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