용의자 진술의 일관성과 확인 가능한 정보의 진술 진위 판별 효과성

초록

Consistency is often considered a primary indicator of truthfulness. However, according to the repeat and reconstruct hypothesis, liars can provide consistent details like truth-tellers. By applying the Verifiability Approach, we examined which method was more effective in detecting deception. Thirty participants assigned to the truth condition spent 30 minutes of free time on campus, while thirty participants assigned to the lying condition committed ransomware attacks on a campus computer. Truth-tellers were instructed to be honest in their reports about previous events, whereas liars had to lie about the event. Interviews were conducted twice, a week apart, and manipulated the notification of the interviewer’s intention to check their statements for verifiable details (Information Protocol, IP). Half of the liars and truth-tellers were notified about IP. The dependent variables were statement consistency (repetitions, reminiscences, omissions, contradictions) and the number of verifiable details. The results showed no significant difference in statement consistency between truth-tellers and liars. However, truth-tellers provided more verifiable details than liars. Moreover, the number of verifiable details was more accurate in discriminating between truth-tellers and liars than statement consistency. The implications and limitations of statement consistency and verifiable details were discussed.

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