중국 조선족의 이중정체성 갈등 및 대응 ― 1990년대 이후 소설을 중심으로

초록

The purpose of this study is to reveal the conflicts and overcoming patterns related to the dual identity of Korean-Chinese individuals, particularly focusing on the novels of Korean-Chinese authors in China published since the 1990s. Entering the 1990s, the Korean-Chinese community faced a period often referred to as the “second separation” due to various policy changes such as China's intensified reform and opening-up, rural reforms, and the establishment of diplomatic relations between Korea and China. Many Korean-Chinese individuals left the villages where they had lived for over a hundred years, seeking to alleviate their economic problems through migration to Korea or other cities in China. However, they also encountered various serious social problems, such as identity confusion, family breakdown, and community dissolution. In addition, as the Han Chinese population increased in the communal Korean-Chinese villages, a crisis emerged; that is, the villages were becoming increasingly Han Chinese. In response to these issues, Korean-Chinese literature explored the conflicts of national identity between Korean-Chinese residing in Korea and Koreans, as well as the conflicts of ethnic identity between Korean-Chinese in China and the Han Chinese. Through their works, various Korean-Chinese writers sought to re-establish the unique dual identity of the Korean-Chinese community. Additionally, to overcome the conflicts inherent in this dual identity, they proposed the possibility of returning to farming and fostering a sense of hometown consciousness. Through these efforts, their aim was to restore the Korean-Chinese village community. In this study, I aim to analyze representative works of Korean-Chinese writers addressing the aforementioned themes, examining their efforts and limitations in exploring ethnic identity, and attempting to restore community in their works. Furthermore, based on this analysis, I intend to forecast the directions that Korean-Chinese literature and the Korean-Chinese community should pursue in the future.

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