대학생의 전공선택 내재적･외재적 동기와 진로결정의 관계에서 전공만족도의 매개효과

초록

Purpose: TThis study aims to analyze whether university students' intrinsic and extrinsic motivations for major selection, major satisfaction, and career decision-making differ according to individual characteristics. Additionally, it examines the mediating effect of major satisfaction between motivations for major selection and career decision-making, with the goal of deriving meaningful implications. Method: A survey was conducted with freshmen enrolled at D University in Seoul in 2024, and only valid responses from 735 participants were analyzed. Descriptive statistics and t-tests were used to examine differences based on student characteristics. Additionally, the effects of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation for major selection, major satisfaction, and career decision-making were analyzed using a Structural Equation Model (SEM). Furthermore, the mediating effect of major satisfaction was tested by analyzing direct, indirect, and total effects. Results: The analysis of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation for major selection, major satisfaction, and career decision-making based on student characteristics showed that both humanities and natural sciences students had high levels of intrinsic motivation. However, natural sciences students demonstrated higher levels of major satisfaction and career decision-making. Regarding admission units, students in the faculty system showed higher levels of extrinsic motivation for major selection and major satisfaction, while those in the department (major) system had higher extrinsic motivation for major selection and career decision-making. In terms of admission type, students admitted through the early admission process scored higher across all variables, and male students showed higher scores than female students. The mediating effect of major satisfaction in the relationship between intrinsic motivation for major selection and career decision-making was statistically significant, whereas the mediating effect for extrinsic motivation was not significant. Conclusion: Based on these results, the study suggests the need for the establishment of support systems at both university and societal levels to enable university students to make career decisions by considering both intrinsic and extrinsic motivations when selecting their majors. It also outlines areas to be addressed in future research to enhance educational practices and student support in this area. Discussion and Conclusion: This study suggests directions for future research on the establishment of institutional and societal support systems that enable university students to make career decisions by considering both intrinsic and extrinsic motivations when selecting their majors.

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