기술은 일하는 방식에 어떤 영향을 미치는가?: 생성형 인공지능 기술이 가져올 변화 중심의 문헌 검토와 연구 제언

초록

General-purpose technologies have profoundly influenced the ways humans work and organize themselves. Now, humanity is facing generative artificial intelligence (Generative AI). Technologies including the steam engine, telephone, typewriter, computer, and internet revolutionized employees’ methods of working by enhancing efficiency, altering collaboration patterns, and changing job structures. These innovations also fueled debates about human dignity and anxiety. This research examines how generative AI continues these shifts by enabling or even replacing human capabilities in tasks such as data retrieval and idea generation, but may also reduce face-to-face interaction, increasing loneliness and disconnection. Additionally, generative AI extends its impact to non-routine tasks requiring creativity and cognitive skills, possibly redefining the nature of roles within organizations. The study presents ten propositions—eight related to efficiency and two focusing on humanity—and urges further investigation into generative AI’s organizational consequences, including implications for job design and collaboration. These propositions highlight important potential directions for future research.

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