현대 SF 영화 인공지능 캐릭터 서사 구성 및 주제성 연구: AI 기술 도입 이전 작품과 Chat GPT 기술 대중화 이후 작품 비교를 중심으로

초록

Following the COVID-19 pandemic, the deployment of remote technologies and the emergence of artificial intelligence (A.I.) technologies such as Chat GPT created for the benefit of human beings have started to pose a challenge to human creative pursuits. This study examines the evolution of the role assumed by A.I. characters as a central element within the contemporary science fiction genre, spanning approximately three decades, specifically from 1993 to 2023. The analysis focuses on examining aspects of this change in terms of narrative features and interpreting the implications and rationale for these features from the perspective of the creators on Jacques Derrida’s concept of the Other as a framework for interpretation, this study explores how humans and non-humans (A.I. creatures) have been differentiated in science fiction films and the subjects the creators have tried to convey through this ‘difference’. The objective of this study is to analyze the changes in creators’ works on the subject of ‘artificial intelligence or artificial creatures’ and their reflections on the technology-based era and their artistic significance.this study, the following works were selected as research subjects: Representative works from 1990-2000, before the introduction of A.I. technology; representative works from 2014-2020, after the introduction of deep learning software to the market with the practicalization of deep neural network (deep learning) technology based on the Deep Belief Network developed by Geoffrey Hinton; and works published in 2023, after the popularization of Chat GPT.A.I. narratives in this study are defined as follows. First, it refers to a plot in which the protagonist, an artificial creature, has a human-like appearance and undergoes the process of programming the ideology of ‘values (thoughts)’ from humans. Second, it contains a central storyline in which the artificial creature encounters an actual reality that differs from its programming and is confused by its exclusion from the real world. Third, the narrative reaches a climax where both humans and non-human entities attempt to subvert reality by leveraging the state of confusion.following works will be analyzed for this study. This study explains the significance of dystopian worldviews in science fiction films and presents a common analytical framework for narrative construction by analyzing <Blade Runner (re-released in 1993)> and <A.I. (1999)>, which were produced before the introduction of A.I. technology.(2014)> and <Ex Machina (2015)> were selected as works that were produced shortly after the introduction of A.I. technology and before its popularization. The analysis of the two works indicates that since deep learning technology has been developed into software that can communicate with humans, the role of A.I. characters in these narratives has expanded from the position of ‘other (mirror image)’ of humanity to real personalities in the virtual world with personas. In these works, the theme represents an interpretation of how humans communicate. As a work after the popularization of Chat GPT, <Creator (2023)> was selected. The A.I. narrative of 2023 has expanded its theme beyond the discussion of technology and communication to the recovery of humanity itself. It points out that not only artificial creatures but also any creatures with different ideologies (including human beings) can be categorized as ‘non-human’ by the dominant community, and that the exclusion of humanity by A.I. can be realized from the point when A.I. is capable of training another A.I. creature. The findings also suggest that it is associated with the implications behind the cessation of A.I. technology development in 2023. This study ultimately highlights that the definition of “human” is actively deconstructed under the plot of “murdering creatures that look alike,” and that this deconstruction of the concept paradoxically allows for its transformation into a concept that can be rehabilitated with subjectivity.

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