忠(충)의 유형과 현대적 재해석: 『삼국사기(三國史記)』 열전을 중심으로

초록

This study inductively categorizes the various manifestations of chung (忠) appearing in the Biographies section of the Samguk Sagi and reinterprets them within a modern context. The forms of chung identified in the text include the types of conquest and national defense, resolute combat and self-sacrifice, mission execution such as diplomatic missions and rescue, protection of royal authority and legitimacy, remonstration and political assistance, integrity, and anti-chung such as usurpation and abuse of power; in addition, composite types were also observed. Based on this analysis, chung is not merely blind obedience to the ruler, but a concept that encompasses a wide range of actions oriented toward maintaining social and political order and fulfilling one’s role with firm commitment. Furthermore, each type can be reinterpreted in modern terms as crisis leadership, the practice of moral courage, trust-based responsibility in role performance, justified judgment for social stability, active public engagement, self-ethical integrity, and critical reflection through cautionary examples.

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