부여 건국의 動因과 對고조선 관계

초록

The histories of Gojoseon and Buyeo are considered the dawn and starting point of Korean history, yet their relationship remains underexplored, relegated to a gap in research. This is largely due to the absence of concrete evidence to clarify their connection. However, constructing the early chapters of Korean history without elucidating the relationship between Gojoseon and Buyeo is impossible. Therefore, this study aims to explore intersections between the two during their foreign policies in the 3rd to 2nd centuries BCE. Following its establishment, Buyeo, unlike Joseon, pursued a different foreign policy direction while coexisting with Wiman Joseon. Wiman Joseon, upon its founding, secured a position as an “outer vassal(外臣)” from the Han Dynasty, using military power and resources to expand its influence over neighboring societies of the Ye(濊) people. This expansion not only unsettled nearby Ye societies but also raised Han’s vigilance, leading to tensions culminating in the defection of Yegun-namryeo(薉君南閭) in 128 BCE and providing a pretext for the war in 109 BCE. Meanwhile, amidst these political changes, Buyeo actively aligned with Han’s external policies, countering Wiman Joseon's hegemony. Particularly, Buyeo’s royal authority sought to secure the position of “outer vassal king(外臣王)” previously held by Joseon, by cooperating with Han during the invasion of Joseon in 109 BCE. As a result, it appears that Buyeo was appointed as the “King of Ye” and received the 'Seal of the King of Ye’ from Han. Through these actions, it is speculated that the Buyeo kings aimed to firmly establish a dominant position representing the Ye society in place of Joseon. Thus, these two nations, which adorned the prelude to Korean history, competed for hegemony over the Ye society around the 2nd century BCE, centered on their relationship with the Former Han Dynasty.

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