장애인의 남녀별 가족생애사건과 취업

초록

It is well-known that employment status is deeply related to family life events (i.e., marriage, childbirth, and parenting). Besides, it is reported that family life events operate in gender role norms and age norms. This paper starts with two questions: Is employment associated with family life events in the disabled, and is the effect vary depending on the gender of the disabled? We measured the employment rates by age groups of the disabled who have disabilities until age 15, using data from the 2020 Korean Survey of Disability. The result showed that the employment rates of the disabled are lower in all age groups than those of the total population. However, the disabled’ curve shapes drawn along with the employment rates’ points are similar to the total population’s. Even in the disabled’, men’s is ∩-shaped, and women’s is M-shaped, indicating that the difference between men and women is clear. Next, we conducted panel probit analyses by combining the first to sixth data of the second wave of the Panel Survey of Employment for the Disabled to verify gender differences in the effects of family life events on the employment of the disabled. Controlling disability type, degree of disability, subjective health state, household owner status, public transfer income, and educational attainment variables, we focused on gender differences in the association of marital experience and preschool members’ existence with employment. As a result of comparing the models with interaction terms in the additive model before setting the full interaction model, many variables’ interaction effects are significant. Accordingly, we presented male and female models and interpreted the results by linking the interaction found in the previous step. First, the effect of marriage was significant only in men. The existence of preschool members was significant in both, but the directions of the effects were opposite. Men were more likely to be employed when there were preschool members, but women were more likely to be unemployed. The results imply that the participation of the disabled in the labor market is also considerably associated with family life events in which gender role norms work.

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