Cold plasma-engineered metal-organic frameworks: A new paradigm for next-generation environmental applications

초록

Cold plasma-assisted approaches have emerged as attractive tools for the synthesis and modification of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) because they enable rapid, low-temperature, and energy-efficient processing while offering precise control over surface and structural properties. This review provides a critical overview of plasmaassisted MOF engineering, covering synthesis strategies, post-synthetic functionalization, defect engineering, and hybrid/composite formation, together with the fundamental mechanisms governing plasma-MOF interactions. Recent advances in plasma-induced nucleation and crystallization, solvent-free processing, surface activation, and defect generation are systematically discussed, with emphasis on their effects on MOF structure and performance. The review further highlights the application of plasma-engineered MOFs in COQ capture and conversion, environmental remediation, catalysis, sensing, and energy storage. Emerging opportunities in AI-assisted process optimization, digital twin technologies, and data-driven materials design are also briefly examined as future directions for scalable plasma-MOF manufacturing. Finally, key challenges related to mechanistic understanding, reproducibility, process standardization, and industrial implementation are critically evaluated. By linking plasma processing conditions with MOF structure-property relationships, this review provides insights into the rational design of next-generation plasma-engineered MOFs for sustainable environmental and energy applications.

키워드