잠재프로파일 분석을 활용한 저소득 청년이 인지하는 고용장벽의 유형화

초록

This study investigates the multidimensional employment barriers perceived by low-income youth and offers implications for support strategies aimed at enhancing their self-sufficiency. Using data from the third wave of the Youth Tomorrow Savings Account panel survey, a latent profile analysis was conducted on 1,564 individuals with household incomes below 50% of the national median, including recipients of the National Basic Livelihood Security Program and those classified as near-poor. The analysis revealed three distinct profiles of perceived employment barriers. The first group, labeled the human capital–vulnerable type (38.61%), reported the lowest overall perception of barriers but emphasized deficits in education, skills, and work experience. The second, the structural barriers–vulnerable type(45.52%), constituted the largest group, facing significant obstacles related to labor market access, job search, and caregiving. The third group, the combined personal and structural barriers–vulnerable type (15.86%), experienced high levels of both structural and personal challenges, including limited control, family relationship difficulties, and physical or mental health problems. These findings suggest that structural barriers represent the most pressing challenges for low-income youth, while a subset faces additional constraints from personal vulnerabilities. The study underscores the importance of targeted policy interventions that strengthen human capital, enhance labor market opportunities, and alleviate caregiving burdens through structural reforms.

키워드