범죄자의 자기합리화기제가 시설부적응에 미치는 영향 - 소년분류심사원 소년을 중심으로 -

초록

Grounded in Sykes and Matza’s neutralization theory, this study investigates the impact of neutralization mechanisms on the institutional adjustment of juveniles detained in a juvenile classification review house. For this purpose, data from the 2015 Survey on Life Experiences and Perceptions of Detained Juveniles (N=325), provided by the Korean Institute of Criminology and Justice, were analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent samples t-tests, and binary logistic regression. The empirical findings are threefold: First, while the overall propensity for neutralization among detained juveniles was not pronounced, substantial individual variations were observed; notably, regarding institutional maladjustment, 12.9% of the sample reported experiencing peer conflicts within the facility. Second, juveniles utilizing higher levels of neutralization mechanisms exhibited a significantly greater likelihood of experiencing institutional maladjustment. Third, robust parental attachment served as a protective factor, markedly reducing the likelihood of maladjustment. Conversely, socio-demographic and institutional variables—including gender, age, prior juvenile reformatory experience, and facility satisfaction—exerted no statistically significant influence. Based on these outcomes, this study highlights the necessity of introducing specialized cognitive diagnostic tools to rigorously screen for neutralization techniques during the initial stages of protective disposition. Furthermore, it underscores the urgent need to design tailored cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) programs that empower juveniles to identify and dismantle their implicit cognitive distortions and subtle techniques of neutralization. Ultimately, this study advances the existing literature by expanding the scope of neutralization theory—traditionally restricted to explaining the etiology of delinquency in general social settings—into the correctional domain, directly linking it to the retrospective institutional maladjustment of juveniles within judicial disposition facilities.

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