중국 고등학교 역사교과서의 근현대 전쟁 관련 서술 내용 검토 - 淸日戰爭과 한국전쟁을 중심으로 -

초록

This study critically examines how the state-compiled Chinese high school history textbook Zhongwai Lishi Gangyao represents the First Sino-Japanese War and the Korean War. The modern Chinese history section of the textbook continues to follow a “war–revolution–victory” narrative that underscores the Chinese Communist Party’s leadership and the legitimacy of the socialist system, while war history functions as a key instrument of patriotic education. The Sino-Japanese War is described with an emphasis on Japanese aggression, Chinese heroic resistance, and the deepening of China’s semi-colonial and semi-feudal condition. In contrast, the internal situation of Joseon, the dynamics between Joseon and the great powers, and the significance of the Korean Peninsula as the battlefield are marginalized. The Korean War is framed as a “civil war in Korea” that was transformed into a “war of self-defense” due to U.S. “aggression,” with China’s victory and enhanced international standing placed at the forefront. However, the devastation of the war, the suffering of the Korean people, and the entrenchment of division receive almost no attention. Such narrative patterns position China as both victim and righteous resister, ultimately limiting multi-perspectival and critical interpretations and constraining the potential for peace-oriented history education in East Asia.

키워드