Enhanced NH3 sensing at room temperature using ZnSnO3 hollow spheres/Ti3C2Tx MXene heterostructure

초록

The development of low-power gas sensors capable of reliable NH3 detection has attracted increasing attention, particularly for room-temperature operation. Herein, ZnSnO3 hollow spheres/Ti3C2Tx MXene heterostructures were prepared using the electrostatic self-assembly technique for efficient NH3 detection at room temperature. The optimized ZnSnO3/Ti3C2Tx sensor exhibits a preferential response of 5.9 toward 100 ppm NH3, response and recovery times of 91 s and 72 s, low detection limit of 0.09 ppm, and long-term stability at 25°C. The improved sensing performance is attributed to the combined effects of the hierarchical hollow structure and the ZnSnO3/Ti3C2Tx interface. The interconnected porous structure facilitates gas diffusion and surface adsorption, while Ti3C2Tx promotes interfacial charge redistribution and modulates the electron depletion layer. In situ DRIFTS measurements further provide experimental evidence for the surface reaction process during NH3 sensing. These results clarify the structural, interfacial, and surface-reaction contributions to the enhanced room-temperature NH3 sensing of the ZnSnO3/Ti3C2Tx heterostructure. Copyright © 2026. Published by Elsevier B.V.

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