『觀世音應驗記』 追錄 「百濟發正見聞觀世音堵室」條의 검토

초록

The story of Baekje monk Baljeong’s observation on Guanyin related house in China first recorded in the back pages of Lu-gao’s Miraculous Virtues of Guanyin, and now there are three books transcribed in Medieval Japan which contain the story. According to the comparison of the books, the Collected Miraculous Stories on Lotus Sutra preserved in Tokyo University seems to preserve the original state of the story while the Miraculous Virtues of Guanyin preserved in Shoren-in temple has considerable errata. This difference of accuracy does not seem to made by the copying attitude of them, but seems to reflect the originals’ state they copied. The contents of the Biographies on Lotus Sutra preserved in Todai-ji temple, the other of the three, is similar to the Collected Miraculous Stories on Lotus Sutra, but it changed the character of the house where the monk memorizing the Lotus sutra had stayed to the holy place Guanyin dwells. In the story, two monks tried to memorize the Huayan sutra and the Lotus sutra(’s Guanyin chapter), but in the 6th century when Baljeong stayed in China the popular and influential Sutra which can be compared to the Lotus sutra was not the Huayan sutra but the Nirvana sutra. The Huayan sutra became popular and influential only after the 7th century. The recorded story is thought to be different from the Bal-jeong’s real experience by reflecting the Buddhist trends of the time. This inference can be supported by the fact that the volume of the Huayan sutra in the story is wrong. It mentions ‘all the 40(or 30) books of the Huayan sutra,’ but the volume of the Huayan sutra at the time was 50 of 60 books. On the contrary, the 40 or 30 books consist with the volume of the Nirvana sutra. Judging by the appendices of the story in the Miraculous Virtues of Guanyin, the story was added to the book not in China, but in Korea or Japan. And it can be added to the book after the end of 7th century or the middle of the 8th century when the Huayan thoughts and the Huayan sutra became popular and influential in Korea and Japan respectively, and before the advent of the Collected Miraculous Stories on Lotus Sutra which quoted the story from the Miraculous Virtues of Guanyin. The Collected Miraculous Stories on Lotus Sutra has been thought to be written by th famous Silla monk Ui-jeok in the early 7th century, but recent thorough examinations on the book shows that it cannot be the work of the famous Yogacara scholar but could be written by a Japanese Tinatai monk during the time from the 9th century to 925.

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