반도체 수요 증가에 따른 한일 반도체 무역 동향에 관한 연구

초록

This study aims to understand the semiconductor trade trends of Korea and Japan in the midst of each country’s efforts to secure a semiconductor supply chain, and analyzed the semiconductor export and import trends of Korea and Japan. In addition, we analyzed Korea’s semiconductor export and import volumes with Japan, the United States, China, and Taiwan, and the export and import trends of semiconductor products with Japan. The results of the study are as follows. In the case of the semiconductor export and import trade trends between Korea and Japan from 2002 to 2024, the overall semiconductor trade volume increased by 1.5 times. However, the trade deficit continued to occur, and increasing by 4.5 times compared to 2002. In the case of the monthly semiconductor trade trends between Korea and Japan from 2018 to 2024, we found that Korea’s semiconductor import volume from Japan is in line with Korea’s overall semiconductor export volume. In the case of the changes in the export and import volumes of Korea’s semiconductor trade with Japan, the United States, China, and Taiwan, the changes in the semiconductor export and import volumes with Japan, the United States, China, and Taiwan are similar to those with Korea. Through this, we can find out that the global semiconductor supply chain is solidly and organically connected. In the case of changes in the proportion of semiconductors in each country compared to the total exports and imports of Korea to Japan, the US, China, and Taiwan, we found that the proportion of semiconductor imports in total imports of goods in trade with Japan and Taiwan has increased over the past four years, indicating that its importance is increasing. In the case of trade trends by semiconductor product category with Japan, we can find out that the trade deficit has increased in integrated circuit semiconductors and discrete device semiconductors. With the end of COVID-19 and the launch of open AI, the demand for semiconductors is increasing worldwide, and each country is making efforts to secure a safe semiconductor supply chain for this reason. This study, which focuses on Korea’s semiconductor exports and imports, analyzed the impact of Korea’s semiconductor exports and imports on Japan since the implementation of semiconductor material export regulations in 2019. In addition, we identified the global relevance of semiconductor trade between Korea and Japan and the trade trends by semiconductor product category between Korea and Japan. From the perspective of Korea, which has consistently maintained a trade deficit in semiconductor trade with Japan, it is expected to serve as a guideline for what semiconductor policies and technology investments should be made to resolve the deficit.

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