신라 <수구다라니> 범자본 기초조사(2) - 발원자의 이름과 판본 비교

초록

The Mahāpratisarā-dhāraṇī (Chi. Suíqiú tuóluóní 隨求陀羅尼) was originally composed in India before the 7th century and subsequently transmitted to Central Asia, China, Korea, Japan, and several Southeast Asian countries, where it played a significant role in the flourishing of Mahayana Buddhist culture, particularly within its Esoteric traditions. Initially circulated as an independent text, it was later incorporated into dhāraṇī compendiums such as the Pañcarakṣā (“Five Protectors”) and the Odae Jin-eon (五大眞言, “Five Great Incantations”), reflecting various transformations and adaptations over time as the text was transmitted across regions. This paper presents a preliminary study of the Sanskrit version of the Unified Silla Mahāpratisarā- dhāraṇī, discovered at Gyeongju Namsan and acquired by the Japanese Government-General of Korea in 1919. Research conducted in 2022 included identification of the dhāraṇī and reconstruction of its entire structure, which previously existed only in small fragments. At this stage, I also briefly examined the linguistic and scriptural characteristics of the dhāraṇī. Building on these findings, this paper reviews the possibilities outlined in the initial study (2022), investigates the names of the donors mentioned in the dhāraṇī, and examines its composition and transmission processes by comparing extant Sanskrit Mahāpratisarā-dhāraṇī manuscripts from China and the Unified Silla period. Through this analysis, I suggest the possibility that the Unified Silla Mahāpratisarā-dhāraṇī may have been based on a unique Sanskrit manuscript tradition, distinct from the versions translated by Ratnacinta and Amoghavajra.

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