Dual-Functional Signal Design via Golomb Ruler in Integrated Sensing and Communication Systems

초록

Defined by the uniqueness of all pairwise differences, a Golomb ruler is a mathematically intriguing set of integers with wide-ranging applications. In this paper, we propose a novel dual-functional signal design for integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) systems, termed DFS-GR, which utilizes the structure of the Golomb ruler. The proposed method enables signal dual-purposing by jointly decoding the communication data and estimating sensing parameters from a single transmission. This is achieved by leveraging the low-rank property of a Hankelized multipath channel and the distinguishable phase difference of a Golomb ruler on the complex-valued unit circle. Specifically, transforming the multipath channel vector into a Hankel matrix induces a low-rank structure, while the symbol sequence is designed based on a Golomb ruler constellation on the unit circle to facilitate effective decomposition. From the perspective of scalability, the DFS-GR design can be extended beyond the unit circle to the entire complex plane, providing flexibility in symbol placement, which allows balancing the inherent trade-off between communication and sensing. Simulation results show that the proposed method achieves competitive performance in both communication and sensing tasks under frequency-selective channel conditions. Furthermore, evaluations in doubly dispersive channel environments indicate its potential for broader applicability, demonstrating its suitability and efficiency for signal-oriented practical ISAC systems. It is expected that the proposed method could take a step toward achieving the deepest level of ISAC, where communication signals are directly reused for sensing. © 2014 IEEE.

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