김제 묘라리 백제 유적의 성격 검토

초록

This study reexamines the circular pit features, roof-tile kilns, building site with a roof- tile-stacked foundation (wajeok-gidan building site), stupa-image Buddhist clay plaques, and lotus-patterned convex eave-end tiles identified at the Myorari site in Gimje, Jeollabuk- do. Through this reexamination, it offers a new interpretation of the site’s principal period and character. Previous excavation reports dated some of these artifacts and features to the Proto-Three Kingdoms period or the Unified Silla period. In contrast, this study compares and analyzes the pottery and roof tiles excavated from Myorari with similar materials from the Buyeo and Iksan regions, and argues that the site was more likely formed during the Sabi period of Baekje, particularly around the mid-seventh century. Artifacts excavated from the circular pit features, including deep bowls, steamers, bowls, vessel stands, and large jars, show strong similarities to materials from Sabi-period sites in the Buyeo and Iksan regions. The roof-tile kilns can be divided into two groups: Kilns Nos. 1–3, which belong to the Sabi period of Baekje, and Kilns Nos. 4–10, which date to the Unified Silla period or later. The roof tiles from the former group, as well as those excavated from the circular pit features and the building site with a roof-tile-stacked foundation, are closely related in terms of decorative patterns and manufacturing techniques. This suggests that the circular pit features, the building site with a roof-tile-stacked foundation, and Roof-tile Kilns Nos. 1–3 were organically connected and operated during the same period. The Myorari site yielded a building site with a roof-tile-stacked foundation and stupa- image Buddhist clay plaque, both of which are rare at Baekje provincial sites. In particular, the discovery at Mireuksa Temple Site of a Buddhist clay plaque fragment produced from the same mold as the Myorari example provides an important clue for clarifying the date and character of the site. Based on this analysis, this study interprets the Myorari site not simply as a settlement or production site, but as a small provincial Buddhist temple or a Buddhist facility of comparable character. It was likely established by a local elite who played a leading role in the distribution of goods in the western coastal region of Baekje society during the Sabi period, making use of the convenient waterway of the Mangyeong River and the circular pit features.

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