북송대 승려의 정치 이해 - 계숭을 중심으로

초록

This paper explores the political views of Qisong(契嵩), a Chan monk of the Northern Song Dynasty. This study aims to analyze the significance of Qisong’s political argument in countering the critique of Buddhism by the Ancient style Learning movement(guwen yundong 古文運動). The Ancient style Learning movement of Song Dynasty gained prominence by asserting that Buddhism exerted a detrimental influence on China’s social and political culture, a widely recognized viewpoint. In response to this critique, Qisong formulated a comprehensive political theory as a counter- argument. In essence, Qisong’s political theory aimed to demonstrate that the adherents of the Ancient style Learning Movement had misunderstood the dao and principles of effective governance. Furthermore, Qisong endeavored to substantiate the indispensability of the Buddhist system in establishing a cohesive political order. Qisong employed his conceptualization of political order as a foundation for his interpretation of the Buddhist dao(道). The ancient sages formulated a system of governance and administrative procedures that were rooted in moral cultivation and aimed to guide individuals towards virtuous conduct. Qisong voiced criticism towards the political theories formulated by the proponents of the Ancient Style Learning Movement, highlighting both their misinterpretation of key concepts and their persistence in advocating for policies that proved relatively ineffective in effecting societal transformation.

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