친밀한 파트너 폭력 피해 여성의 유형 및 도움요청행위에 관한 연구: 혼합형 잠재계층모델을 중심으로

초록

Despite growing public awareness of intimate partner violence, the nature of such violence—which occurs within intimate relationships—deters victims from help-seeking behavior. This study aims to explore, in an exploratory manner, the characteristics of victims associated with help-seeking behavior, with the goal of encouraging such behavior among victims of intimate partner violence. To this end, the study utilized the Ministry of Gender Equality and Family’s <2021 Survey on the Violence Against Women> as secondary data. This study analyzed the secondary data using mixed mode latent class analysis and a 3-stage approach. The analysis process consisted of two steps: first, classifying victims of intimate partner violence into subgroups based on cognitive and situational dimensions; and second, verifying whether there were differences in the presence and types of help-seeking behaviors among the subgroups classified through the 3-stage approach. The analysis revealed that victims of intimate partner violence were classified into four Classes: the economically active Class (Class 1), characterized by a tendency to enter the workforce immediately after high school graduation; the high-coping-resource Class (Class 2), characterized by high educational attainment and high average monthly household income; the highly educated youth Class (Class 3), which shares characteristics with Class 2 but has a higher proportion of young adults; and the cognitively desensitized and economically vulnerable Class (Class 4), which exhibits low vigilance toward intimate partner violence and economic vulnerability. An analysis of differences in help-seeking behavior by Class revealed that Classes 2 and 3 were significantly more likely to seek help than Classes 1 and 4. However, no differences were found in the types of help-seeking behavior across Class types. Based on these findings, the study suggested that future research should comprehensively examine the relationship between these factors and help-seeking behavior by considering the cognitive, behavioral, and situational dimensions of intimate partner violence. It also proposed an in-depth examination of how limited knowledge regarding violence against women and related laws and systems affects victimization from intimate partner violence. Furthermore, the study highlighted the need to utilize longitudinal data to clarify the causal relationship between intimate partner violence victimization and low perceived social safety. As a policy recommendation, the study proposed expanding victims’ access to support resources to encourage help-seeking behavior among victims of intimate partner violence. This study is significant in that it attempted to comprehensively elucidate the relationship between intimate partner violence and help-seeking behavior by considering not only the cognitive dimension but also the situational context when classifying victims of intimate partner violence.

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