향찰의 문자론적 이해

초록

The purpose of this study is to describe the status of writing system and notational characterization of Hyangchal. Hyangchal has a mixed system of logogram and phonogram. The phonographic system is based on syllabic writing, but it is partially based on phonemic writing. There are practical reasons for the development of phoneme-based notation from syllable-based notation, such as the difference between the sounds of Chinese characters and Korean, but phonemic writing was developed due to the special notation of Hyangchal, which uses phonological complements, and the morpheme-oriented notation of grammatical morphemes. At that time, people's segmental perception of syllables was clearly based on initial-medial-final tripartite system, but the bisegmentation of syllables into {initial+medial} and {final} was more commonly used. In this study, we summarized the general characteristics of Hyangchal that are widely known, examine the exceptions that deviate from them, and interpret the implications of those exceptions. First, although Hyangchal is a system that fully transcribes the Korean sentence of the time, but fully classical Chinese phrases also appear. This suggests that as the influence of Classical Chinese grows stronger, the practice of borrowing Chinese character to write Korean sentences, such as Hyangchal, is gradually diminishing. Second, while it is true that the principle of hunjoo-umjong[訓主 音從] (the lexical part uses the kun[訓] of Chinese characters and the grammatical part uses the on[音] of Chinese characters) is true for a single phrase, there are exceptions in which the some lexical part also uses phonetic system regardless of the meaning of the Chinese characters. This might suggest that the writing system may have developed into a fully phonetic writing system such as kana[假名]. Finally, through the exception of the ‘final-sound supplement[末音添記]’, it was discussed that the term ‘phonological complement’ is more appropriate and that the definition should be expanded to ‘characters that repeat phonological information already given’.

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