억압의 몸에서 해방의 몸으로 -프랜시스 베이컨, 루이스 부르주아, 하이디 부허의 작품에 드러나는 비정형 신체의 미학-

초록

This study investigates how the works of Francis Bacon, Louise Bourgeois, and Heidi Bucher—artists who reinterpret the human body through an aesthetic of formlessness— resist entrenched conceptions of the body and articulate a transformation from an oppressed to a liberated corporeality. Each artist, situated within contemporary practice, constructs a distinctive understanding of the body and expands the concept of corporeal multiplicity through artistic experimentation. Despite the breadth of media in their practices—ranging from drawing and painting to sculpture and performance—there remains a notable lack of research that brings these three artists into dialogue through the shared theme of the body. Accordingly, this paper addresses this gap by foregrounding their intersections in engaging with formless corporeality. In their works, the formless body is not a symbol of permanent ruin but an open, generative form that resists discrimination and hatred, reconstructing new possibilities for embodiment. It examines this through three approaches; analyzing strategies of formless corporeality across the three artists via conceptual and structural lenses; drawing on Gilles Deleuze’s reading of the ‘logic of force’ in Bacon’s paintings to examine the sculptural energy of his formless bodies; engaging with Jean-Luc Nancy’s notion of the ‘intruder body’ to explore Bourgeois’s translation of emotional trauma into formless corporeal expressions; and examining Bucher’s work through Judith Butler’s concept of ‘gender performativity’ to analyze how formless bodies enact deterritorialization against patriarchal oppression. It concludes by illuminating how formless bodies disrupt conventional perceptions of the human form.

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