『유마경』의 불가사의해탈과 무생법인

초록

This study elucidates the structural correlation between acintya-vimokṣa (不可思議解脫) and anutpattikadharmakṣānti (無生法忍) in Kumārajīva’s translation of the Vimalakīrti-nirdeśa. Through the tripartite narrative structure (菴羅樹園 – 維摩室 – 菴羅樹園), the study demonstrates that the paired chapters—｢不思議品｣–｢觀衆生品｣ and ｢佛道品｣–｢入不二法門品｣—form complementary 有/空 frameworks culminating in the realization of anutpattikadharmakṣānti. The “香飯” narrative in ｢香積佛品｣ mediates the tension between the defilements of the sahā-world and the great compassion of the Buddhas and bodhisattvas, articulated through the doctrines of the “十事善法” and the “八法,” thereby modeling the integrative structure of Mahāyāna bodhisattva praxis. The Buddha-field teaching in the opening chapter is reiterated and deepened in this context. According to Kumārajīva’s commentary, Vimalakīrti, as a Dharmakāya-bodhisattva, opens the field of instruction through his expedient illness and strategic silence a view that accords with Sengzhao’s account of the bodhisattva’s anutpattikadharmakṣānti-practice. Vimalakīrti’s autonomous activity itself constitutes acintya-vimokṣa. The Vimalakīrti-nirdeśa thus mediates between the Prajñāpāramitā’s insight into emptiness and the Huayan doctrine of the Dharmadhātu (華嚴法界), representing a pivotal link in the doctrinal formation of early Mahāyāna thought.

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