근대천황제를 둘러싼 정치와 종교: 가케이 가쓰히코 신도론의 지성사적 의미

초록

This paper examines the intellectual and historical meaning of Kakei Katsuhiko’s Shintoism. For him, God was not an absolute transcendent, but something that all humans could reach. He thought a man devoted to the state could reach God. Kakei’s intent here is sufficiently clear. He was, in effect, defending the logic that the people should forget themselves and devote themselves to the country. It is undeniable that Kakei’s Shintoism is related to the ultra-nationalism during the Japanese imperialism period. What has to be questioned here, however, is how Kakei theorizes this logic through religion. His logic seems to be fundamentally at odds with doctrine of Christianity, but it is not far from pantheistic vitalism seen by German romanticists at that time. Kakei tried to apply Friedrich Schleiermacher or Wilhelm Dilthey’s ideas about religion to Shintoism. In so doing, great life was replaced with God, and everything was viewed as an expression of it. The Japanese emperor was also an expression of great life, that is Japan’s kokutai. By disclosing the logic of Kakei’s Shintoims, this study aims to broaden the relation between politics and religion, thereby providing us with a more nuanced and holistic account of Shintoism.

키워드