Prediction of anterior commissure exposure of vocal folds prior to laryngeal microscopic surgery: Parameters reflecting occipito-atlanto-axial complex extension capacity

Abstract

Objective: The purpose of this prospective study was to identify preoperative predictors of unstable exposure of vocal folds with focus on the anterior commissure (AC) prior to Laryngeal Microscopic Surgery. Methods and materials: Patients were classified into four groups based on the degree of AC exposure during Laryngeal Microscopic Surgery, and for the analysis, these groups were subdivided into unstable exposure and stable exposure subgroups depending on whether external manipulation was required to achieve AC exposure. Correlation of the degree of AC exposure with demographics, physical measurements, and anatomical measurements taken using landmarks in simple radiograph were evaluated. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was used to determine optimal cutoff values to predict unstable AC exposure. Results: Fifty-nine patients were included in the analyses. Thyroid-mandible angle (TMA) in the extended position, thyroid-mental distance (TMD) ratio, and TMA difference in the neutral and extended positions were significantly correlated with the degree of AC exposure. However, only a TMD ratio of < 1.25 reliably predicted unstable AC exposure. Conclusions: TMD ratio of < 1.25 reliably predicted unstable AC exposure. If there is no increase of the distance between the thyroid notch and the mental prominence (TMD) more than 25% on neck extension, the probability of getting stable exposure of the anterior commissure is low. (C) 2020 Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Society of Japan Inc. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.