Temporary Bridge Occipitocervical Fixation for Comminuted Atlantoaxial Fracture

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: We sought to evaluate the feasibility of temporary bridge occipitocervical fixation temporary bridge occipitocervical fixation (T-BOCF) for comminuted atlantoaxial fractures. METHODS: A 57-year-old man presented with multiple trauma including a comminuted, undisplaced atlantoaxial fracture; subdural hemorrhage; skull base fracture; scalp laceration; right second finger tendon injury; and right distal femur open fracture. T-BOCF was performed to preserve neck motion while providing rigid stability to atlantoaxial fracture. Occipital plate and bilateral lateral mass screws were inserted at C3, C4, and C5, avoiding the fracture site; this was followed by rod connection without fusion. The screw-rod construct was removed after confirmation of bone union in the fracture site 12 months after the initial operation. RESULTS: Computed tomography performed at 12 months after the operation demonstrated solid bone union. Dynamic radiographs taken 12 months after implant removal demonstrated a flexion-extension range of motion of 16 degrees at C0-C2 and 19.8 degrees at C2-C7. The total flexion-extension range of motion was 35.8 degrees. CONCLUSIONS: T-BOCF is a viable option for treatment of comminuted, undisplaced atlantoaxial fractures. The technique is easier than direct C1-C2 fusion and can avoid complications associated with occipitocervical fusion or C1-C2 screw fixation. The blood supply to the fracture site is preserved by avoiding subperiosteal stripping, and semispinalis cervicis insertion at the C2 spinous process is also circumvented. Furthermore, neck motion is preserved after implant removal.