Enzyme Immobilization with Nanomaterials: Applications and Challenges

Abstract

Enzymes are promising alternatives for eco-friendly chemical production because of their natural development, catalytic function, high selectivity (including stereo-, regio-, and chemo-selectivity), efficiency, and biodegradability. However, use is severely constrained by poor stability, short shelf life, and reusability features that are frequently encountered in harsh industrial environments, such as exposure to non-aqueous fluids, altered pH, and high temperatures. Increasing attentions have been drawn to resolve the issue of structural fragility include modifications to the reaction medium, protein engineering, chemical modification, and immobilization techniques. Metal Organic Frameworks are revolutionizing enzyme stability and catalytic efficiency by providing innovative immobilization strategies that enhance enzyme performance under various conditions. The integration of enzymes within MOFs not only stabilizes them but also significantly boosts their catalytic capabilities. The chapter presents an overview on the characteristic properties, synthesis and applications of Metal-organic frameworks. Furthermore, it emphasize methods for stable immobilization of enzymes using MOF platforms, approaches for synthesizing MOF-enzyme composites, and applications of MOF biocomposites. © 2025 American Chemical Society