Apoptotic effects of alisol B 23-acetate on gastric cancer cells

Abstract

Alisol B 23-acetate (AB23A) is a natural triterpenoid isolated from Alismatis rhizoma, which exhibits a number of pharmacological activities. In the present study, AB23A-induced anticancer efficacy was examined in AGS gastric cancer cells. Cell viability assay, cell cycle analysis, caspase activity assay, western blotting and reactive oxygen species (ROS) assay were used to investigate the anticancer effects of AB23A on AGS cells. AB23A reduced the viability of AGS cells, increased the sub-G1 cell fraction and depolarized the mitochondrial membrane. Notably, AB23A-induced cell death was associated with downregulation of the B-cell lymphoma 2 and survivin proteins, and upregulation of the Bax protein. In addition, AB23A increased caspase-3 and -9 activities, and regulated the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK). Moreover, AB23A increased the production of reactive oxygen species. These results suggested that AB23A may induce apoptosis through cell cycle arrest and the mitochondrial pathway, accompanied by the caspase and MAPK signaling cascades. In conclusion, AB23A may have potential as a novel anticancer drug for the treatment of gastric cancer.