현대 중국어 이음절 반의복합어 연구

Abstract

In learning a foreign language, vocabulary is a basic for the communication. Selecting vocabulary is important enough to show person’s language ability and it is particularly significant in learning Chinese as a Second language. Modern Chinese vocabulary is categorized into monosyllable, disyllable, and polysyllable or into simple and compound words. If the word contains one morpheme, it becomes a simple word which also includes monosyllable as well as disyllable and polysyllable, but it has only one meaning regardless of the forms. That is, each syllable of disyllable and polysyllable has no meaning, but it has the meaning when they are combined. Therefore, learners of Chinese as a foreign language can learn and use monosyllable with a little effort. The problem is that Chinese has compound words. Compound words are composed of ‘root + root’ combining method and the combining methods are divided into several ways. They are similar to Chinese characters classification「YUK-SO(六書)」which explains word-formation principles of Chinese characters. If there were only 「SANG-HYONG(象形)」 and 「JI-SA(指事)」 in principles of word-formation, Chinese characters would not be that difficult to learn, but there are also「SANG-HYONG(象形)」,「WHAE-UI(會意)」,「JON-JU(轉注)」,and「GA-CHA(假借)」which make Chinese characters difficult to learn. In this study, the relationship between morphemes in compound word is coordinative and they have opposite meanings. Due to the special combining method, antonymous compound words are in a small portion, but these words play an important role in Modern Chinese vocabulary. This study defines antonymous compound words by selecting antonymous morpheme compound words from 『XIANDAIHANYUCIDIAN』. Also, this study researches morphemes that form compound words in terms of grammatical character and function and analyzes semantic change phenomenon and types of morphemes that form compound words .